Snowballs Are Quasiballs

Radioactivity in HgCdTe devices: potential source of “snowballs”

We hypothesize that the “snowballs” observed in HgCdTe infrared detectors are caused by natural radioactivity in the devices themselves. As characterized by Hilbert (2009) in the WFC3 flight IR array (FPA165), “snowballs” are transient events that instantaneously saturate a few pixels and deposit a few hundred thousand electrons over a ~5-pixel (~100-um) diameter region. In 2008, prior to fligh...

“SNOWBALLS - Self Navigation Web-Based Literacy Learning System” and the Utilization of OCW Resources for Global Education

The School of Engineering at the University of Tokyo (SE-UT) is promoting “Bilingual Campus Initiative” in order to foster future global leaders and to develop the organizational strength in supporting the global education and research. For this purpose, the authors, as members of the Center for Innovation in Engineering Education (CIEE) under SE-UT, have proposed a total learning and education...

Alkali-helium snowball complexes formed on helium nanodroplets.

We systematically investigate the formation and stability of snowballs formed by femtosecond photoionization of small alkali clusters bound to helium nanodroplets. For all studied alkali species Ak = (Na,K,Rb,Cs) we observe the formation of snowballs Ak(+)He(N) when multiply doping the droplets. Fragmentation of clusters Ak(N) upon ionization appears to enhance snowball formation. In the case o...

Supporting Online Material for Hybrid Incompatibility “Snowballs” Between Solanum Species

Cycles of Distrust: An Economic Model∗

We propose a model of cycles of distrust and conflict. Overlapping generations of agents from two groups sequentially play coordination games under incomplete information about whether the other side consists of “extremists” who will never take the good/trusting action. Good actions may be mistakenly perceived as bad/distrusting actions. We also assume that there is limited information about th...